What Does "Preparedness" Mean? - Wilderness Survival

     I have many friends who have much more experience in the category of wilderness survival than I will ever have however I can say that there are definitely a few skills I’ve learned that have been absolutely invaluable to me whether I was camping in a state park campsite or hiking miles into the middle of nowhere on a survival trip. So despite what is likely to stir a heated debate I will submit my most cherished and important wilderness survival skills. I won’t go into all the different variations of how to do each of these things but I will mention them and discuss why they’re important. 

     Water: Being raised in Oregon’s Willamette Valley it was rare to find yourself somewhere in the wilderness without a short distance’s walk to water. Whether or not water is easily found water is an essential part of survival. Most scientists would agree that water is the first and most important substance to the body during a survival situation. Food can be found later since the body has an uncanny ability to survive for days without it. Water however is realistically a daily necessity. Knowing your terrain is the key to finding water. I know the Pacific Northwest well enough to pretty much find water no matter where they place me but I can guarantee that if you dropped me in Arizona I would experience a greater challenge. Each terrain is different and knowing the way water flows in your neck of the woods is important in finding water. 

     Water Purification: Once water is found it’s not always safe to drink. I’ve been lucky enough to go camping near a mountain spring where the water comes out pure and refreshing but not all locations have that purity. Some water has been infected with microbes and disease that cause serious diarrhea and stomach cramps. Stomach problems of this caliber could potentially be your undoing. Although there are many ways that you can purify water I couldn’t possibly select on as more important than another. Let’s face it survival is survival when it comes to this topic. The easy answer is to either have water purification tablets or a water purifier with you when you’re out in the woods. The thing is that if you’re caught in some cataclysmic disaster and you no longer have that option then you’ll need to find other solutions. Boiling water is one of the easiest if you can build a fire. At 212 F˚ or 99.98 C˚ water boils and even if it just reaches boiling it’ll kill giardia and many other nasty diseases. I will usually let it boil a little longer just to make sure. Some authorities will say four, five or even ten minutes but I’ll just say that is up to you. The minimum is to reach the boiling point.

Portable water filter made by Katadyn

     Fire: Boiling water is impossible without some sort of fire. When you’re trapped on a mountain you might not have planned to stay there that long and so you need to find a way to create fire. To a survivalist fire means the ability to block out the cold, ward off wild animals, purification of water, clean clothes and many other things. Each method is different with varying degrees of difficulty. My personal favorite is to use flint and steel but there are many other ways that are just as effective. 

     Food: This skill requires a little more work and reading then any of the others. I think most inexperienced people could bumble their way through the other items and survive to tell their tales however finding food can often be difficult. Just like finding water, knowing your terrain is the key to finding food. Trapping game is the ore difficult part of finding food. This skill is very important though because game of any kind brings in high protein and nutrients you can’t get from eating plants and berries. Know your weaknesses too. Catching larger game like deer, elk or moose is likely to be extremely difficult given your limited resources. If you find yourself with a bow or rifle then you might just be able to do that but remember that going after such big game is a serious endeavor and could take up valuable time in which you could be working on rescue. I would rather try to catch smaller game with snares and traps that require little time and just some simple know-how. Remember that even if they are typically bitter and still crawling bugs and other insects are very good for you. Know which kind of insects are poisonous but be ready to eat them if you’re stranded. They’re not that bad. The greatest thing about snares is that you set them and you can then go off to focus on other efforts to better your survival. Like shelter building… 

     Shelter: This might not be something you’ll need if you plan is to escape a situation. POWs and such are usually encouraged to keep moving and avoid leaving traces of their paths. For these situations shelter is not the best option however for the average citizen trapped on a mountain in dangerous weather this could mean life or death. Shelters should be small and compact to trap the greatest amount of warmth. Large shelters are more difficult to build and allow for heat to escape. Knowing your terrain and the available materials will also assist you. In the Pacific Northwest you can easily use downed trees or large boulders to make lean-too shelters. On tropical islands you’re less concerned with warmth and more concerned with protection from rain and sun so using palm leaves to block them both is a must. No matter the location, shelter can be made from anything around you and knowing which one for the terrain that you’re in is extremely important. 

     Orienteering: Every Marine and Soldier is taught this skill in boot camp and if you were a Boy Scout or even a Cub Scout you would have learned basic map and compass skills. If you have a compass or even a watch your ability to navigate is made easier. If you have neither then you are relegated to the tricks that nature has left for you. Know basic constellations and where they sit in the sky. North Star, Big Dipper and Cassiopeia should be well known to anyone that ventures out in the wilderness. For our Aussie friends the Southern Cross should be just as well known. Understand how to find where the sun is on a cloudy day because you might end up in the stormy Pacific Northwest where it takes more than just looking in the sky to see where the sun is. Understand land marks and how to read terrain so you can navigate them properly. These skills could become necessary if you’ve gone without being rescued for an extended amount of time. 

     Tool Making: I know that most people expect to only use these skills if something bad happens and they aren’t planning to be there for very long but what if you needed to know how to make a stone knife or a hammer or even a bow and some arrows? What if that were necessary to your survival? Would you know how to make them? A knife is potential the most important tool when surviving and without it your survival could be in jeopardy. Knowing how to make razor sharp knives could make everything easier on you. 

     In the movie “Castaway” with Tom Hanks we see him struggle through some terrible situations but in the last half of the movie we jump from the untrained, inexperienced castaway to the now tanned, hardened survivor throwing a fishing spear. That spear alone could save you in almost any survival situation that involves fish. The only difference between his and the one I use spear fishing is that mine is fiberglass with a metal tip rather than the wooden one he was using. This also applies to making fish hooks and lures because there are so many options. The natives of the Southern Pacific are famous for their bone hooks and lures. Knowing what techniques they utilized are very important to recreating similar tools. 

     Dangers: As important as it is to know what to seek out it’s equally important to know what to avoid. Animals, insects, terrain and other elements can significantly lower your chances if you’re not careful and knowledgeable. These dangers are real and deadly if you’re not careful. Eating the wrong plant or taking the wrong step is just as dangerous as accidently stepping between a mother bear and her cubs. Know your environment and understand the dangers.

     All together these simple skills can mean the difference between surviving and dying. Don’t be caught in a situation without the know-how. As Jack of All Spades we struggle to constantly prepare for dangers that might appear before us. Wilderness survival is much the same in that preparation is essential to life. Being ready for a survival situation before you’re placed into it could make all the difference.

Everday Carry

     Growing up I ended up with certain items that I required myself to bring with me no matter where I was going or what I was doing. In a suit and tie or in blue jeans you could empty my pockets and always find certain items. With almost every item there was a reason and although most might have thought the reasons strange the items were utilized more than I would have expected.  Most of the items were tools for everyday use and some were “just because” or “just in case” but I can say that each item was used on more than one occasion and borrowed by more than just one person or many an occasion. I became known as the guy that my friends relied on when they forgot to bring a knife or a screwdriver or whatever it might be. The question that spurred this entire article is, “What does an Everyday Jack carry every day?”

     Over the years the items changed but the principles of having these items with me remained and eventually turned into personal law. I now have a list of items I refuse to leave the house without. When I was about 12 years old my list consisted of: Wallet, keys, lockpicks, folding knife, chapstick, lighter, sunglasses and a few quarters. The wallet and keys were more essential than optional but the other items came in handy often. The knife was used so often I ended up usually switching it out with a better one every year or so. Sometimes I even carried a folding knife and a sheath knife at the same time. I wasn’t a smoker and didn’t have any immediate need for a lighter but I felt cool having one and I used it to light a number of firecrackers and cherry bombs over the years. Realistically the lockpicks were over the top and only used once. The reason for carrying them was merely to practice my skills (which never really improved). Lastly, the quarters were for making phone calls before the cell phone craze.

     Now that I’m an adult I usually carry my gun (Taurus Slim PT709 9mm), an extra mag, wallet, keys, kubaton with handcuff key, lighter, folding knife, cell phone, small LED flashlight and cash. Each item is useful in a pinch and is specific to different situations. My wallet and keys are just as essential as when I was 12 but I would add my cellphone into the essential category now. The lighter, folding knife, flashlight and cash are really for emergency use while the gun, extra mag and kubaton are for defense purposes. The handcuff key is really more of a momento from when I worked with the US Navy Police.

     I don’t suggest that everyone follow my recommendations as what to carry everyday but there are a few things to look at when deciding what is right for you. Jack of All Spades recommends you think of these three questions when what to carry: What are you going to need? What might you need? How am I going to carry it? While thinking through these questions remember the purpose of the items; essential items, protection items, survival/emergency items.

     It also might be a good idea to take a look at some of the great websites out there surrounding the subject so you have a better idea of where to start. Here’s a quick list of them that might be useful: 

http://everyday-carry.com/

http://everydaycarryblog.com/

http://www.edcforums.com/

http://everydaycarry.net/ 

     Remember the first question, “What am I going to need?” when you’re planning. When I think of a typical day I know I’m going to use all of my items daily with the exception of my gun, kubaton, lighter and handcuff key. I have, without fail utilized every other item daily. You decide what is essential. If you can leave your house without your keys, wallet or cellphone then that is up to you to decide and no one else.

 

Duct tape keychain; always have it with you

    The unexpected emergencies are why we pose the second question “What might you need?”  Jack of All Spades recommends that everyone that can carry a gun, can obtain a Concealed Carry Weapons permit and most importantly feels comfortable to utilize and employ it should carry. Everyday Jacks are there to protect their neighbors and if you’re not equipped to do it then you’re failing as a Jack of All Spades. For those who would rather “dress down” rather than carry a gun, try carrying a kubaton or expanding baton.

     My last note on carrying a gun is that there are many people that have guns but lack either the confidence or judgment to use it. There are many classes offered by qualified instructors to assist people in finding the confidence to employ their guns. If you’d like to gain more confidence with a sidearm then seek out those willing to teach you. I know plenty of people who’d even take you out and teach you for free as long as you cover the price of ammo.

     Remember that these items are not always something you need to carry on you at all times. Just because I carry them all the time doesn’t mean that you couldn’t find alternative ways of doing it. Having a special bag in your car with these items is better than leaving them at home and there’s nothing wrong with stowing a first-aid kit, flashlights, knives and other items within reach if you decide not to carry. I understand that the bulk of a gun can be an issue and for some women it might be difficult to find the right holster for your gun because of the sexy dress you’re wearing. Understand that there are lots of alternatives to the traditional holsters (Flashbang bra holster).

     To answer the question posed above of what a Jack of All Spades carries you can be sure that no matter the list, he or she is ready for their day and that if called upon they are ready to defend to the best of their ability. No one’s list is the same however we encourage all Jacks and all Jills to be expect the worst and hope for the best because we are here to stop the worst from happening.